Heating apparatus.



PATENTED APR. 2, 1907.

V. W. BLANCHARD.

HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION TILED JAN. 22. 1906.

n-ventoz Minu 1n: NORRIS PETERS cm. WASHINGTON. n. c.

' errrnn STATES A PgTEN T OFFICE.

HEATl NG APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 2, 1907.

Application filed January 22, 1906. Serial No. 297.247.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VIRGIL WV. BLANOIIARD, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Apparatus; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification.

This invention is an improved heating apparatus specially designed for burning gaseous fuel and to heat air in large quantities for the purpose of ventilation, and also to heat Water, so that the apparatus can be used for heating buildings with either hot water or steam or hot air and both hot water or steam and hot air, all supplied from the same apparatus under the best sanitary con ditions, and, furthermore, if desired, the gaseous products of combustion in this apparatus are rendered non-poisonous and oxygenated, so that they can, if desired, be commingled with the hot air and supplied to the hotair registers in the building, so that in this manner every heat unit is conserved and utilized for heating purposes.

The invention therefore consists in the no vel construction of the apparatus hereinafter described and claimed, and the accompanying drawing illustrates a vertical section through a complete gas-burning, airheating, steam-generating, or water-heating furnace embodying the invention.

I preferably use the gas-burning devices shown in my application for patent, Serial No. 297,240, filed January 22, 1906, although the invention is not restricted to any particular form of gas-burner.

In the drawing under the base A of any suitable construction are located two primary mixing-tubes B, to which gas is supplied from pipe C, connected with a gas-supply in any suitable manner, air being admitted to these pipes B at the points I), the amount of air admitted being regulated by sleeves b.

The mixtures of gas and air are discharged from the inner ends of tubes B into the lower ends of upright tubes D, which are provided with air-inlet slots (Z, regulable by sleeves (1. These secondary mixing-tubes D discharge into the lower end of the burner F, preferably aforesaid and suspended from a perforated plate 9 within a cylinder G, which surrounds the burner, which cylinder is supported upon an annular plate H, which is supported upon a cylinder l-l, resting upon a second horizontal plate H, which is supported upon a short cylinder H, resting upon the base A and surrounding the tubes 1). The space between the plates H and H forms an air-distributing chamber 1, hereinafter referred to.

The heater F may be surrounded by a jacket F. On the upper end of the cylinder G is an annular plate G, having an annular opening g for the products of combustion. Suspended below this opening 9 is a plate G which is preferably provided on'its under side with annular ribs G while the plate g is perforated at g for the admission of ai. to the space between said plates. The products of combustion are discharged from the burner F against plate Gand are deflected outwardly thereby between the ribs G g and eventually pass up and out th ough the opening 9 into a secondary combustionchamber 3, which is formed within an inverted-cup-shitped boiler I or water-heater, which is preferably constructed as shown and described in my application for steam-boiler, Serial No. 297,248, filed January 22, 1906. This boiler has an annular depending leg I, surrounding the cylinder G, the space between the wall of this leg and the cylinder G forming a descending ['lue 3 for the products of combustion. The boiler may be supported upon the plate II, as shown, and the products of combustion can pass under the lug of the boiler and into an ascending flue 4, formed between the outer cylindrical wall of the boiler, and an inclosing cylinder J, also resting upon plate ll, extending above the top of the boiler and at its upper end closed by a plate J, a hot-air space or flue 5 being left between the top of the boiler and plate J.

The boiler is preferably provided with short fire-tubes i, which connect the chambers 3 and 5, and with long lire-tubes i, which extend through the annular leg of the boiler, as shown, so that by this construction the boiler is entirely surrounded by heated gases and in addition has currents of hot gases circulating therethrough in the tubes i i.

WVater can be supplied to the boiler through constructed as described in m r a licationl a i e I and hot water or steam can be taken therefrom through pipe I, connected to the upper endthereof. The boiler should be provided with proper gages and valves (not shown) to regulate the supply of water and the pressure therein.

The cylinder J is inclosed by a cylinder K, resting on plate H and having its upper end closed by the plate K above plate J. The space between the cylinders J K forms an ascending air-heating flue 6, which communicates at top with an air-heating space 7, between the plates J K, from which the hot air rises into a distributing-chamber L, located on top of the furnace, chambers L and 7 being connected by a short pipe L, which passes through an outer chamber 8 for the products of combustion between the plate K and the bottom plate L of chamber L. The sides of chamber 8 and of the distributing-chamber L are conveniently formed by the outer walls or casing M of the furnace,

which casing incloses the cylinder K and is supported upon the plate H or cylinder H, as indicated in the drawing.

The space between the cylinders K and easing M form a descending air-flue 6, wh ch communicates at bottom with the airdistributing chamber 1, which chamber communicates with the flue 6 through apertures h in plate H. This air-chamber 1 also communicates with the burner, as shown, and with the lower part of the cylinder G through apertures h and with the in erior of cylinder H through openings ha in plate H The chambers 5 and 8 are connected through chamber 7 by means of pipes N, attached to plates J K, as shown, through which the heated products of combustion pass from chamber 5 into chamber 8, im-

arting heat to the surrounding air in chamer 7. From chamber 8 the products of combustion can escape to the chimney through a pipe 0, provided with a valve 0 outside the distributing-chamber and with an annular series of slots 0 within the distrib uting-chamber L, which slots are closable by the valve 0, which can be, 0 erated by a pullrod 0 extending outside of the distributingchamber. When this valve 0 is closed, all the products of combustion are shut out of the distributing-chamber.

The cylinder H is preferably closed tightly during the operation of the apparatus, but is provided with a door H by which access can be had to the valves (1 on tubes D. Air may be admitted into the casing in any convenient manner, but preferably it is admitted thereto through openings M in its upper ends which are closable or regulable by an annular valve M The hot air in chamber L can be distributed to the several registers of the building by ordinary hot-air pipes (not shown) connected to collars L surrounding openings in the upper part of chamber L. The cylinder G may be provided with apertures g at its lower end, through which air can be admitted into the products of combustion as they pass from flue 3 into flue 4.

Operation: Suitably-regulated mixtures of gas and air are admitted to the burners F, and the heated products of combustion pass into the chamber 8 and impinge against the crown-sheet I of the boiler, which forms the roof of the chamber 3. Some of the roducts of combustion pass up through the 're-tubes 'i into the chamber 5; but I preferably choke the upper ends of tube iby means of plugs i provided with small apertures, so that the flow of hot gases upward therethrough is re tarded and the major portion of the products of combustion are compelled to descend through flue 3 to the lower end of the annular leg I of the boiler, under. which they pass to the flue 4 and ascend into chamber 5. Additional air may be supplied to these products of combustion through the jets g and through apertures 7L5 in the plate H, as indicated in the drawin to not only insure thorough oxidation 0 the combustible elements in the products of combustion, but also to measurably reoXygenate such products and render them capable of use for heating purposes, as described in my application for furnace, Serial No. 297 ,245, filed January 22, 1906. Part of the gases also rise through the flues i into chamber 5, and the water in the boiler I is highly heated, and the hot water or steam can be utilized for heating the building by connecting the boiler in the usual manner with the hot-water or steam heating-pipes in the building. The heated gases pass from chamber 5 through tubes N into chamber 8 and thence, if desired, through pipe 0 to the outlet. The hot gases passlng through the ap aratus heat the air in the flue 6 and in the c amber 7, this heated air escaping eventually into chamber L and may be supplied to the hotair registers in the building through the usual hot-air pipes connected to collars L It will be seen that the heated gases are circulated in and around and through the cold-air chambers and passages in a most advantageous manner, and as the partitions and cylinders are preferably made of sheet metal a great amount of heating-surface is presented for contact with the hot air.

If desired, the products of combustion, which by the use of-my improved gas-burner are completely oxidized and contain only carbonic-acid gas and are not as deleterious to health as the products of ordinary gasheating stoves commonly used in living rooms and which are rendered practically innocuous by a large admixture of fresh air supplied thereto after the oxidation is completed, may be admitted into the distributingchamber by opening valve 0 and partly or wholly closing valve 0, and thus mixed with the fresh air and delivered into the livingrooms through the hot-air pipes.

In the apparatus described the heat generated in the burner is entirely utilized to heat water and air in large volumes, and the terminal gases may be commingled with the heated air and discharged therewith. For heating very large rooms the hot air may be discharged directly into the room through the openings in the distributing-chamber.

It will be observed by reference to the drawings that the chambers 2 and 5 and 'llues 3 and 4 practically form one large combustionchamber, which, however, is divided. by the inverted-cup-shaped boiler into the upper and lower chambers 2 and 5 and into ascending and descending gas-fines 4 and 3. In some cases it might not be desired to use the boiler, and in such a case a very ellicient airheating apparatus would be produced and, in fact, with the parts constructed as shown and described; but with the boiler disused I would still have a very etlicient gas-burning airheating furnace.

Having thus described my invention, what I therefore claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent thereon, is

1. The combination of a burner, an inverted-cup-shaped boiler above and surrounding the burner, annular llues for the products of combustion exterior to the boiler, an air-heating chamber above the boiler, gasflues passing through said. chamber, an outlet for the gases above said chamber, and an airdistributing chamber.

2. The combination of a burner, means for supplying gas and air thereto, an invertedcup-shaped boiler above and surrounding the burner, annular llnes for the products ol" combustion exterior to the boiler, an annular airheating flue inclosing the gas-'llucs, an air heating chamber above the boiler, gas-Flues passing through said chamber, an outlet for the gases above said chamber, and an a rdistributing chamber above the air-heating chamber.

3. The combination of a burner, an inverted-cup-shaped boiler above and surrounding the burner, annular ilues for the products of combustion exterior to the boiler, an air-heating chamber above the boiler, gas-Hues passing through said chamber, an outlet for the gases above said chamber, and an air-distributing chamber; with a casing surrounding the dues, an airchamber in the casing below the burner and,

fines, and air-passages connecting said air chamber with said flues.

4. The combination of a burner, means for supplying gas and air thereto, an invertedcup shaped boiler above and surrounding the burner, annular lines for the products of combustion exterior to the boiler, an annular air-heating llue inclosing the gas-llues, an air heating chamber above the boiler, gas-lines passing through said chamber, an outlet for the gases above said chamber, and an airdistributing chamber above the air-heating chamber; with a casing surrounding the airheating llues, an air-chamber in said casing below the burner and lines, and air-passages connecting said air-chamber with said llues.

5. In a gas-heating apparatus, the combination of a gas-burner, a combusthm-chamber above the burner, descending llues surrounding the burner, an air-heating chamber above the combustion-chamber, an outlet-chamber for the gases above the air-heating chamber, pipes passing through the airheating chamber and connecting the combustion-chamber with the mitlet-chamber, a hot-air-distribnting chamber above the outlet-chamber, and a connection between the air-heating and air-distributing chamber.

6. In a gas-heating apparatus, the combination of a gas-burner, a combustion-chamber above the burner, descending 'llues surrounding the burner, an air-heating chamber above the combustioil-chamber, an outletchamber for the gas above the air-heating chamber, a hotair-distributing chamber above the outlet-chan'iber, pipes connecting the combustion-chambcr with the outletchamber, and a pipe connecting the air-heating and air-distributing chamber; with an inverted-cup-shaped boiler in the combustion-chamber and surroumling the burner, adapted to cause the products of combustion to first descend and then ascend in their passage to the outlet-chamber.

7. In combination, a burner, a combustionchamber surrounding the same into which the heated products 01'' combustion are discharged, an air-heating chamber inclosing the combustion-cliamber, an air-distributing chamber, pipe connections between such chambers, an. outlot-chamber between the air-heating and air-distributing chambers, and heating-pipes connecting the combustion and outlet chambers and passing through the upper portion ol the air-heating chamber.

8. In combination, abucner, a combustionchamber surrounding the same, into which the heated products ol combustion are discharged, an air-heating chamber inclosing the combustioil-chamber, an outlet-chamber above the air-heating chamber, heating-pipes connecting the combustion and outlet chambers and passing through the upper portion of the air-heating chamber, an airdistributing chamber above the outlet-chamber, connections between the air-heating and air-distributing chambers; with an inverted-cupshaped boiler in the combustion-chambcr forming interior descending and exterior aslOO cending gas fiues or passages therein, and fire-tubes extending through said boiler for the passage of the products of combustion.

9. In a gas-heating apparatus, the combination of a gas-burner, a combustion-chamber above the burner, descending fiues surrounding the burner, an air-heating chamber above the combustion-chamber, an outlet for the gases above the air-heating chamber, and pipes passing through the air-heating chamber, and connecting the combustionchamber with the outlet-chamber, an airsupply chamber below the burner and fiues and communicating therewith, and a hotair-distributing chamber above the gas-outlet chamber and communicating with the air-heating chamber.

10. In combination a gas-burner, a combustionchamber surrounding the same into which the heated products of combustion are discharged, an air-heating chamber inclosing the combustion-chamber, a gas-outlet chamber above the air-heating chamber, and heating-pipes connecting the combustion and outlet chambers and passing through the upper portion of the air-heating chamber with a cold-air-supply chamber below the burner and flues and communicating therewith, and a hot-air-distributing chamber above the gas-outlet chamber communicating with the air-heating chamber.

11. The combination of a burner, an inverted-cup-shaped boiler surrounding said burner, and gas-fines for the products of combustion exterior to said boiler and surrounding the same with a cold-air-supply chamber below the burner and fiues and communicating therewith, and a hot-air-distrib uting chamber above the boiler communicating with the air-heating fiues.

12. In combination, a burner, an invertedcup-shaped boiler surrounding said burner, gas-flues for the products of combustion exterior to said boiler, and air-heating fiues surrounding the boiler and gas-fines; with a coldairsupply chamber below the burner and fiues and communicating therewith, and a hot-air-distributing chamber above the boiler and communicating with the airheating fiues.

13. The herein-described heating apparatus having an air-distributing chamber at its lower end a cylinder above said chamber, a gas-burner in said cylinder, a combustionchamber surrounding the said cylinder, ascending air-heating flues around said .combustionchamber, an air-heating chamber above said oombustionchamber, a gas-outlet chamber above the air-heating chamber, heating-pipes connecting the combustionchamber and outlet-chamber, a distributing-chamber above the outlet-chamber communicating with said air-heating chamber, a casing inclosing the air-heating chamber and flues, the space between said casing and fiues communicating with the air-distributing chamber.

14. The herein-described heating apparatus having an air-distributing chamber at its lower end, a cylinder above said chamber, a gas-burner in said cylinder, a combustion chamber surrounding the said cylinder, ascending air-heating fiues around said combustion-chamber, an air-heating chamber above said combustion-chamber, a gas-out let chamber above the air-heating chamber, and heating-pipes connecting the combustion-chamber and outlet-chamber, and passing through the air-heating chamber; with means for supplying air to said air-distributing chamber, means for supplying mixtures of air and gas to said burner, and a valve on the outlet-pipe for the products of combustion for establishing communication between said outlet-pipe and the air-distributing chamber.

15. The herein-described heating apparatus having an air-distributing chamber at its lower end, a cylinder above said chamber, a gas-burner in said cylinder, a combustionchamber surrounding the said cylinder, ascending air-heating fiues around said combustion-chamber, an air-heating chamber above said combustion-chamber, a gas-outlet chamber above the air-heating chamber, heating-pipes connecting the combustionchamber and outletchamber, a distributingchamber above the outlet-chamber communicating with the air-heating chamber, a casing inclosing the air-heating chamber and fines, the space between said casing and fiues communicating with the air-distributing chamber with an inverted cup shaped boiler located in the combustion-chamber and surrounding the burner and forming descending and ascending fiues for the products of combustion and provided with verticallydisposed hot-air pipes for the products of combustion.

16. The herein-described heating apparatus having an air-distributing chamber at its lower end, a cylinder above said chamber, a gas-burner in said cylinder, a combustionchamber surrounding the said cylinder, ascending air-heating fiues around said com bustion-chamber, an air-heating chamber above said combustion-chamber, a gas-outlet chamber above the air-heating chamber, heating-pipes connecting the combustionchamber and outlet-chamber, and passing through air-heating chamber, and a distributing-chamber above the outlet-chamber communicating with the air-he ating chamber, a casing inclosing the air-heating chamber and fiues, with an inverted-cup-shaped boiler located in the combustion chamber and surrounding the burner and forming descending and ascending fiues for the prodmy own I allix my signature in presence 01' two witnesses.

VIRGIL W. BLANGHARD.

In presence of JAMES R. MANsFIELD, L. E. l/VITIIAM.

uots of combustion and provided with vortically-disposed hot-air pipes for the products of combustion, means for supplying gas to the burner, and a valve in the gas-outlet;

5 whereby terminal gases may be discharged lnto the alr-dlstributing chamber.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as 

